The enduring vision fifth edition chapter summaries

Even the landholding system encouraged community. Families lived near one another, separated from their farm acreage. Order in the family was so important that government could intervene in truly serious problems in a household. Divorce, although infrequent, was possible for extremely wronged spouses. Although wives enjoyed legal protection against spousal violence and nonsupport, they suffered the legal disabilities of common law: no property rights independent of the husband.

An environment relatively free of disease, a generally adequate diet, and consequent long life and large families aided family stability. As New Englanders grew more worldly, fewer children became saints. The Half-Way Covenant permitted the children of all baptized members to be baptized but left them "halfway" members who could not take communion or vote in church affairs. The distribution of wealth was growing more uneven in many parts of New England.

In Salem, Massachusetts, the region's second largest port, anxieties over social change caused conflict between prosperous merchants and agricultural residents and played a role in the furor over witchcraft that erupted in In the Chesapeake region, royal control did not mean royal financial support. After the crown-appointed governors called regular assemblies in order to raise taxes.

Anglican vestries in each parish, elected by the taxpayers until and thereafter self-recruiting and independent, governed churches. A chronic shortage of clergy reduced the influence of religion in the region.

After members of English merchant families who engaged in trade with Virginia became planters themselves, thus founding the First Families of Virginia, which dominated Virginia politics for two centuries. In Maryland the crown granted a large tract of land to Lord Baltimore, who intended to create an overseas refuge for English Catholics.

In this he did not succeed. From the outset Protestants formed a majority of the population, and antagonisms intensified. The economy of Virginia and Maryland was dominated by tobacco. Although prices fell after , tobacco stayed profitable when cultivated near navigable water.

Planters, by establishing control of both export and import commerce, stunted the growth of towns and the emergence of a powerful merchant class. Large numbers of indentured servants came because both colonies offered headrights to masters, usually of fifty acres, for each worker imported.

The development of strong family relations was retarded by a scarcity of women immigrants and by an exceptionally high death rate as a result of disease. The population grew very slowly until the late seventeenth century, when immunities had been acquired and the sex ratio equalized. A new sexual permissiveness was made possible in part by easy access to new contraceptives such as the Pill. Gay groups argued for equal rights.

The Pill made contraception easier. The Supreme Court struck down state laws limiting the right to abortion. More and more young couples chose to live together without getting married. For married couples, the divorce rate rose precipitously. The public association of the counterculture with student protest swelled a growing tide of conservatism among many Americans. For some Americans in the s, this was sexual liberation.

For most others it signaled a moral decay that encouraged growing conservatism in defense of traditional values. The Tet offensive by the North Vietnamese early in altered the nature of the war. The American people were jolted by the size of the attack, and "hawks" declined in numbers.

President Johnson determined to initiate negotiations to end the war. Moreover, he announced his decision not to run again for president. The nation grieved at the assassination of Kennedy as many had a few months earlier when Dr. King had been assassinated. Disarray among the Democrats was intensified by antiwar demonstrations and their repression at the Democratic convention in Chicago.

The Republicans won a narrow victory in , but with third-party candidate George Wallace taken into consideration, it seemed clear that a new conservative majority had supplanted the long-dominant New Deal coalition. He announced the Nixon Doctrine, redefining America's role in the Third World as helpful partner rather than military protector.

Nixon understood American war weariness both at home and among the troops in Vietnam, but he was determined to achieve "peace with honor. In a joint American-South Vietnamese incursion into Cambodia was undertaken, widening the war and stimulating protests at home. Another North Vietnamese offensive was met by further intensified bombing.

In the Paris Accords ended hostilities that had cost billions of dollars and millions of lives. Veterans returned to a cold reception in a deeply divided nation. In either case, it's important to actually save the ZIP file on your hard drive, not just "open" the file directly from the browser.

Once the file has been saved on your hard drive, locate it and "expand" it. Some computers do this automatically when a ZIP file is downloaded, while others require "helper" applications. If you are a Windows user and you do not have a helper application to work with ZIP files, refer to the "Helper applications" section below.

Once expanded, each ZIP file will create a folder with a PowerPoint file and one or more additional folders in it. These internal folders contain all assets that are not static images, such as maps, videos and audio files, so if the PowerPoint file is moved to another directory, any additional folders that came from the ZIP file should be moved to that same directory as well.

Otherwise, some of the slides may not display correctly. After opening a PowerPoint file, a frame on the left part of the application window should display the "presentation outline", which lists all the slides available and their titles. To copy a slide with an image in it to a custom PowerPoint presentation file, follow these steps:.

The steps given above also apply to copying and pasting slides with maps but additional steps need to be taken. Any additional folders that are in the same folder as the original PowerPoint file the one from which slides are being copied is in should be copied to the same location where the new PowerPoint file the one into which the slides are being copied into is. For example, if you are copying one or several slides with a map in them, the maps folder that was in the same folder as the original PowerPoint file should be copied to the folder where the new PowerPoint file is.

Because the Macintosh version of PowerPoint does not offer the same functionality as its Windows counterpart, the zoom and navigation controls available in slides with maps do not work when viewing the slides on Macintosh computers.